跨海大桥英语：《经济学人》双语：土耳其人将为他的疯狂消费付出沉重代价？

《经济学人》双语：土耳其人将为他的疯狂消费付出沉重代价？

原文标题：

Turkish infrastructure

Public-private problems

The lira’s woes raise the bill for Erdogan’s big projects

土耳其基础设施

公私问题

里拉（土耳其货币单位）困境增加了埃尔多安总统的大型项目成本

Privatised gains, socialised losses

Turkey’s public-private partnerships are pricier than promised

私有化收益、社会化损失

土耳其的公私合作比预期要昂贵

Paragraph 1：

THE OSMANGAZI suspension bridge, one of the world’s longest, opened in 2016, stretching nearly 2,700 metres over the Marmara Sea.

奥斯曼加兹吊桥是世界上最长的吊桥之一，于2016年通车，横跨马尔马拉海近2700米。

Combined with a new road, it has halved the travel time between Istanbul and Izmir, Turkey’s largest and third-largest cities.

加上一条新公路跨海大桥英语，伊斯坦布尔和伊兹密尔之间的车程减缩短了一半。他们分别是土耳其第一大城市和第三大城市。

But for many Turks, the country’s currency crisis has made the crossing unaffordable.

但对许多土耳其人来说，该国的货币危机已让人们负担不起过桥的费用。

A driver making the trip every day for a month would have to pay tolls amounting to twice the minimum wage. The toll will rise again at the start of 2022.

一个月内每天出行的司机必须支付相当于最低工资两倍的过桥费。2022年初，过桥费将再次上升。

Paragraph 2:

Turkey’s president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, has decked out his country with scores of new bridges, tunnels, airports and hospitals.

土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安用几十座新桥梁、隧道、机场和医院装饰了他的国家。

Most are public-private partnerships (PPPs), deals whereby companies construct and operate infrastructure in exchange for fees from consumers or payments from state coffers.

其中大多数是公私合作（PPP），即通过公司建造和运营基础设施以换取消费者费用或国库付款的交易。

The lira’s slide over the past year has dramatically raised the cost of PPPs to taxpayers.

里拉在过去一年中的下滑极大地提高了公私合作成本，转嫁到纳税人身上。

The government guarantees companies involved in such projects a minimum level of income, almost invariably in hard currency.

政府保证参与此类项目的公司获得最低水平的收入，几乎都是硬通货。

Such guarantees amount to a total of $150bn in the coming two decades, estimates Ugur Emek, an academic at Baskent University in Ankara.

安卡拉巴斯肯特大学的学者乌格尔·埃梅克估计，在未来20年，此类担保总额将达到1500亿美元。

At the start of 2021, that was equivalent to 1.1trn lira. By late December, it had risen to 1.7trn lira.

在2021年初，这相当于1.1万亿里拉。到12月底，它已经上升到1.7万亿里拉。

Paragraph 3:

PPPs often make economic sense. In Turkey and elsewhere, they have a better record of avoiding delays and cost overruns than conventional public procurement.

公私合作通常具有经济意义。在土耳其和其他地方，它们比传统公共采购在避免延误和成本超支方面有更好的记录。

They have helped Turkish construction companies accumulate know-how and capital.

他们帮助土耳其建筑公司积累技术和资本。

Many projects, including sprawling hospitals that opened just in time before the covid-19 pandemic, have been a success.

许多项目跨海大桥英语，包括在新冠大流行前及时开放的大医院，已经取得了成功。

Paragraph 4:

But the same few companies regularly walk away with the biggest contracts. Some projects are white elephants.

但同样为数不多的几家公司通常会轻松签订最大的合同。有些项目是大而无用的累赘。

“There’s an overreliance on PPPs,” says M. Coskun Cangoz, a former official at the World Bank now with TEPAV, a think-tank in Ankara. “We’re doing things in a less transparent way.”

世界银行前官员、现供职于安卡拉智库TEPAV的M.Coskun Cangoz说：“出现过度依赖公私合作的情况，我们正在以一种不那么透明的方式做事。”

Paragraph 5:

For Mr Erdogan, PPPs come with political benefits.

对埃尔多安来说跨海大桥英语：《经济学人》双语：土耳其人将为他的疯狂消费付出沉重代价？，公私合作带来了政治利益。

He can take credit for launching big projects (a recent exhibit at his palace featured over 800 pairs of scissors and ribbons used for such occasions) and pretend that private companies shoulder the cost, since the investments do not show up as government debt.

他可以为启动大型项目（最近在他的宫殿举办的一次展览展示了用于此类场合的800多把剪刀和缎带）而获得荣誉，并假装私人公司承担了成本，因为这些投资不会以政府债务的形式出现。

Defenders of PPPs say Turkey would not have been able to afford the new infrastructure by paying for it directly.

公私合作的捍卫者表示，土耳其不可能直接支付新基础设施的费用。

But unless Mr Erdogan gets the economy back on track, Turks will pay dearly for his spending spree.

但除非埃尔多安让经济回到正轨，否则土耳其人将为他的疯狂消费付出沉重代价。

（恭喜读完，本篇英语词汇量442左右）

原文出自：2022年1月1日《The Economist》Europe版块。

精读笔记来源于：自由英语之路

本文翻译整理：Irene

本文编辑校对：Irene

仅供个人英语学习交流使用。

【补充资料】（来源于网络）

Osmangazi大桥（伊兹米特海峡大桥）是一座横跨伊兹米特湾最窄处（2620米）的悬索桥。这座桥将土耳其盖布泽（Gebze）与亚洛瓦省（Yalova Province）连接起来，是海湾O-5高速公路组成部分之一。2016年7月1日该桥建成跨海大桥英语，超过了穆罕默德二世大桥成为土耳其最长的跨海大桥，其主跨跨径在世界上排名第四。

【重点句子】（2个）

PPPs often make economic sense.

公私合作通常具有经济意义。

But unless Mr Erdogan gets the economy back on track, Turks will pay dearly for his spending spree.

但除非埃尔多安让经济回到正轨，否则土耳其人将为他的疯狂消费付出沉重代价。